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在全球气候变暖的背景下，高温已成为限制植物生长、发育以及农作物产量的重要的胁迫因子。高温胁迫对植物的种子萌发、光合作用速率、水分利用率、花粉活力、作物产量和品质等形态和生理生化特性产生显著的负面影响。为了应对高温胁迫，植物通过一系列复杂的分子机制来感知高温，并启动一系列防御反应以保持细胞的稳态并提高其耐热性。本文系统阐述了植物耐热性的多维调控网络，涵盖了高温感知、信号传导以及基因表达调控等领域的最新研究进展，特别关注了在高温感知过程中几个关键的信号途径、蛋白质相分离介导的保护机制以及耐热相关数量性状的遗传基础。通过对这些分子调控网络的深入解析，不仅拓展了人们对植物温度响应机制的认识，更为分子设计培育新型耐热作物品种提供了理论依据和技术路径。
Abstract：In the context of global climate warming, high temperatures have become a major stress factor limiting plant growth, development, and crop yield. Heat stress has a pronounced negative impact on the morphological, physiological, and biochemical characteristics of crops, including seed germination, photosynthetic rate, water use efficiency, pollen viability, yield, and product quality. To cope with heat stress, plants employ a series of complex molecular mechanisms to sense heat and initiate a range of defense responses to maintain cellular homeostasis and enhance heat tolerance. This review systematically elucidates the multidimensional regulatory network of plant heat tolerance, covering the latest research advancements in heat sensing, signal transduction, and gene expression regulation. It particularly focuses on several key signaling pathways in heat sensing, protein phase separation-mediated protective mechanisms, and the genetic basis of heat tolerance-related quantitative traits. Through a deep analysis of these molecular regulatory networks, this work not only expands our understanding of plant temperature response mechanisms but also provides theoretical foundations and technical approaches for molecular design to cultivate new heat-resistant crop varieties.
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基本信息:
DOI：
中图分类号:Q945.78
引用信息:
[1]刘宝怡,马长乐.高温胁迫下植物耐热性的多维调控网络[J].山东师范大学学报(自然科学版),2025,40(02):133-142.
基金信息:
山东省重点研发计划资助项目(2023LZGC011)